Minnows & guppies r fine, as r baby mice if they will eat them. Mine do, but I had to rub guppies on them the first several times. They do not need rodents in their diet. It is optional. A diet of the right kinds of fish will be fine on its own.
Goldfish r not a good food item. They will eat them, but a long term diet of them can cause health problems due to certain vitamin deficiencies. The petstore folks will probably tell u goldfish r fine, but remember, they most likely dont actually study gartersnakes- they just work there.
Garters do not eat insects. Many will also eat slugs, worms, & frogs, although u should be careful about any wild food items as they may have been exposed to pesticides or herbicides, & wild frogs r often high in internal pesticides. I'd stick to guppies/minnows, cut up trout, or pinky mice, or a combination of those things.
If interested, here is a forum all about garters, & the people r very freindly. http://thamnophis.com/
Hope this helps.